Big toe

The big toe, together with the other toes, helps propel the body forward. It is important during the foot's push-off. It also helps maintain balance. Unlike the other toes, the big toe consists of two bones instead of three.

Hallux valgus

There are several specific conditions that can affect the big toe. One is hallux valgus, in which the big toe increasingly angles toward the other toes. A bump forms at the base of the big toe.

This bump is often red and painful and presses against the shoe, causing friction. The more angled the toe is, the further the bump sticks out. The toe can even be angled so far that it crosses over/under the adjacent toes and compresses them.

Hallux limitus and hallux rigidus

Hallux limitus is a stiff, less mobile big toe. In general, this is a result of osteoarthritis, but (sports) injuries and other foot deformities, including hallux valgus, can also cause this condition.

Because the mobility of the big toe is reduced, pushing off becomes more difficult. The last part of push-off in particular is hindered and painful. This pain is felt on the top of the big toe, where a swelling may also be present. When the toe is completely stiff and there is no longer any movement possible at all, this is called a hallux rigidus.

Usually, the above problems occur later in life, after the age of 50. One condition can easily progress into another.

The right shoe (or shoe modification) can prevent many problems or halt deterioration. When this no longer helps sufficiently, surgery to improve the position of the toe and remove the bump is still an option.