Hypermobility

Hypermobility syndrome (HMS)

Hypermobility means that joints have too much freedom of movement. Due to excessive, unrestrained movements, joints are more heavily loaded and the chances of injuries increase.

Hypermobility does not always lead to complaints. If hypermobility causes complaints, then it is called hypermobility syndrome (HMS). This hypermobility syndrome occurs in an average of four to seven percent of the population and is generally more common in women than in men.

What causes hypermobility?

Hypermobility has a hereditary cause. It is genetically determined how elastic the ligaments and joint capsules of the joints are. With too much ligament elasticity, the joint is insufficiently stabilized (supported). This must be compensated for by the muscles and tendons around the joint, but that is not always possible.

What are the characteristics (symptoms) of hypermobility?

Because muscles and tendons have to work harder to stabilize joints in hypermobility, they become overloaded more quickly. Complaints such as fatigue and muscle pain are therefore the most common in hypermobility syndrome.

Due to overuse, the joints can swell. At the same time, there is a greater chance of sprains of the shoulders, elbows, and ankles due to very supple ligaments. Especially at a young age, children with hypermobility have an increased risk of the hip or kneecap dislocating.

How is the diagnosis of hypermobility made?

The diagnosis of hypermobility can be derived fairly easily from a physical examination by a doctor or physical therapist. There are special tests and criteria for this. If necessary, a referral is made to a rheumatologist, who can also investigate heredity.

How is hypermobility treated?

There are no medications for hypermobility. But, as part of the aging process, ligaments will become stiffer and the complaints will partly disappear.

An important part of the treatment is exercise therapy. It is wise to train the strength and stability of muscles and joints. It is advisable to do this under the guidance of a physical therapist.

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