Arthroscopy

An arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure in which the surgeon uses a very small camera to look inside a joint.

During an arthroscopy, the surgeon makes two or three small incisions around the joint. Through these, a camera with a light and any necessary tools, such as a hook or small cutting forceps, can be inserted. The surgeon can see what is happening inside the joint on a monitor.

To increase the space in the joint and improve visibility, the joint is 'distended' with fluid. This fluid also allows the joint to be rinsed so that loose fragments can be removed more easily.

During an arthroscopy, the condition of the structures in and around a joint can be assessed. If necessary, the surgeon can perform minor procedures. For example, in the knee, they can assess the cruciate ligaments, meniscus, and cartilage. At the same time, the joint can be cleaned.

An arthroscopy can be performed under local anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, or general anesthesia. The advantages of arthroscopy include minimal scarring, faster recovery, and a lower risk of complications.

Sometimes the surgeon encounters problems that cannot be solved arthroscopically. Then a larger incision may still be required. This can also be done at a later time. The arthroscopy then becomes an open surgery.

After the arthroscopy, the small incisions are sutured, and the patient is usually allowed to go home the same day. The patient can generally load the joint again fairly quickly, and the small wounds often heal fast. The joint may remain somewhat swollen for a while. How quickly the joint recovers depends on the joint's condition and the procedures that were performed.